đương lượng

Một dung dịch có nồng độ 1 đương lượng được chuẩn bị trong phòng thí nghiệm.

Definition

1. Noun (Chemistry):

   • Equivalent weight: A unit of measurement in chemistry representing the mass of a substance that can combine with or displace one mole of hydrogen ions (H⁺) or hydroxide ions (OH⁻), or that participates in a redox reaction involving the transfer of one mole of electrons.
   • Normality factor: Used to express the concentration of a solution (normality, N), defined as the number of gram-equivalent weights of solute per liter of solution.

2. Noun (Physics/General):

   • Equivalent: Something that has equal value, effect, or meaning; a counterpart.

Usage Examples

• Noun (Chemistry):
  • Tính đương lượng của axit sulfuric trong phản ứng này. (Calculate the equivalent weight of sulfuric acid in this reaction.)
  • Dung dịch được chuẩn bị với nồng độ 0,1 đương lượng. (The solution was prepared with a concentration of 0.1 normal.)
• Noun (General):
  • Họ tìm kiếm một đương lượng trong tự nhiên. (They are searching for an equivalent in nature.)

Advanced Usage

• "Đương lượng gam": gram-equivalent weight.
  • Đương lượng gam của đồng trong phản ứng này là 31,77. (The gram-equivalent weight of copper in this reaction is 31.77.)
• Used in titrations to calculate unknown concentrations based on the principle of chemical equivalence.

Variants and Related Words

• Dung dịch đương lượng: Normal solution (N).
  • Sử dụng dung dịch đương lượng để chuẩn độ. (Use a normal solution for titration.)
• Trọng lượng đương lượng: Equivalent weight (synonymous with "đương lượng" in chemistry).

Synonyms

• Equivalent weight (Chemistry).
• Gram-equivalent.
• Counterpart (General).

Notes

• In modern chemistry, the use of "equivalent weight" and "normality" has declined in favor of molarity and mole-based calculations, but the concept remains important in analytical chemistry and titration.
• The term is always used as a noun in scientific contexts.